Loss of a Nuclear Submarine

USS Thresher (SSN-593)

The second THRESHER (SSN-593) was laid down on 28 May 1958 by the Portsmouth (N.H.) Naval Shipyard; launched on 9 July 1960; sponsored by Mrs. Frederick B. Warder; and commissioned on 3 August 1961, Comdr. Dean W. Axene in command.

Following trials the nuclear attack submarine took part in Nuclear submarine Exercise (NUSUBEX) 3-61 off the northeastern coast of the United States from 18 to 24 September.

On 18 October; the submarine headed south along the east coast. After calling at San Juan, Puerto Rico, she conducted further trials and test-fired her torpedo system before returning to Portsmouth on 29 November. The ship remained in port through the end of the year and spent the first two months of 1962 evaluating her sonar system and her Submarine Rocket (SUBROC) system. In March, the submarine participated in NUSUBEX 2-62, an exercise designed to improve the tactical capabilities of nuclear submarines, and in antisubmarine warfare training with Task Group ALPHA.

Off Charleston, the ship undertook operations observed by the Naval Antisubmarine Warfare Council, before she returned briefly to New England waters from whence she proceeded to Florida for SUBROC tests. However, while mooring at Port Canaveral, the submarine was accidentally struck by a tug which damaged one of her ballast tanks. After repairs at Groton, Conn., by the Electric Boat Company, the ship returned south for more tests and trials off Key West. THRESHER then returned northward and remained in dockyard hands through the early spring of 1963.

In company with SKYLARK (ASR-20), THRESHER put to sea on 10 April 1963 for deep-diving exercises. In addition to her 16 officers and 96 enlisted men, the submarine carried 17 civilian technicians to observe her performance during the deep-diving tests. Fifteen minutes after reaching her assigned test depth, the submarine communicated with SKYLARK by underwater telephone, apprizing the submarine rescue ship of difficulties. Garbled transmissions indicated that--far below the surface--things were going wrong. Suddenly, listeners in SKYLARK heard a noise "like air rushing into an air tank"--then, silence.

Efforts to reestablish contact with THRESHER failed, and a search group was formed in an attempt to locate the submarine. Rescue ship RECOVERY (ASR-43) subsequently recovered bits of debris, including gloves and bits of internal insulation. Photographs taken by bathyscaph TRIESTE proved that the submarine had broken up, taking all hands on board to their deaths in 5,500 of water, some 220 miles east of Boston. THRESHER was officially declared lost in April 1963.

Subsequently, a Court of Inquiry was convened and, after studying pictures and other data, opined that the loss of THRESHER was in all probability due to a casting, piping, or welding failure that flooded the engine room with water. This water probably caused electrical failures that automatically shutdown the nuclear reactor, causing an initial power loss and the eventual loss of the boat.

THRESHER is in six major sections on the ocean floor, with the majority in a single debris field about 400 yards square. The major sections are the sail, sonar dome, bow section, engineering spaces, operations spaces, and the tail section.

Owing to the pressurized-water nuclear reactor in the engine room, deep ocean radiological monitoring operations were conducted in August 1983 and August 1986. The site had been previously monitored in 1965 and 1977 and none of the samples obtained showed any evidence of release of radioactivity from the reactor fuel elements. Fission products were not detected above concentrations typical of worldwide background levels in sediment, water, or marine life samples.

Submariners Lost on USS Thresher (SSN-593)

Arsenault, Tilmon J., ENCA(SS), USN

Babcock, Ronald C., LTJG, USN

Bain, Ronald E., EN2(SS)P2, USN

Bell, John E., MM1-P2, USN

Bobbitt, Edgar S., EM2(SS), USN

Boster, Gerald C., EM3(SS), USN

Bracey, George, 5D3(SS), USN

Brann, Richard P., EN2(SS), USN

Carkoski, Richard, EN2(SS), USN

Carmody, Patrick W., 5K2, USN

Cayey, Steven G., TM2(SS), USN

Christiansen, Edward, SN(SS), USN

Claussen, Larry W., EM2(SS), USN

Clements, Thomas E., ETR3(SS), USN

Collier, Merrill F., LT, USN

Cummings, Francis M., SOS2(SS), USN

Dabruzzi, Samuel J., ETN2(SS), USN

Davison, Clyde E., III, ETR3, USN

Day, Donald C., EN3(SS), USN

Denny, Roy O., Jr., EM1(SS), USN

Di Nola, Michael, LCDR, USN

DiBella, Peter J., SN, USN

Dundas, Don R., ETN2(SS), USN

Dyer, Troy E., ET1(SS), USN

Forni, Ellwood H., SOCA(SS), USN

Foti, Raymond P., ET1(SS), USN

Freeman, Larry W., FTM2(SS), USN

Fusco, Gregory J., EM2(SS), USN

Gallant, Andrew J., Jr., HMC(SS), USN

Garcia, Napoleon T., SD1(SS), USN

Garner, John E., YNSN(SS), USN

Garner, Pat M., LCDR, USN

Gaynor, Robert W., EN2(SS), USN

Gosnell, Robert H., SA(SS), USNR

Grafton, John G., LTJG, USN

Graham, William E., SOC (SS), USN

Gunter, Aaron J., QM1(SS), USN

Hall, Richard C., ETR2(SS), USN

Harvey, John W., LCDR, USN. (Commanding Officer of Thresher)

Hayes, Norman T., EM1, USN

Heiser, Laird G., MM1, USN

Helsius, Marvin T., MM2, USN

Henry, James J., Jr., LTJG, USN.

Hewitt, Leonard H., EMCA(SS), USN

Hoague Joseph H., TM2(SS), USN

Hodge, James P., EM2, USN

Hudson. John F., EN2(SS), USN

Inglis, John P., FN, USNR

Johnson Edward A., ENCA(SS), USN

Johnson, Richard L., RMSA, USN

Johnson, Robert E., TMC(SS), USN

Johnson, Thomas B., ET1(SS), USN

Johnson. Brawner G., FTG1(SS), USN

Jones, Richard W., EM2(SS), USN

Kaluza, Edmund J., Jr., SOS2(SS), USN

Kantz, Thomas C., ETR2(SS), USN

Kearney, Robert D., MM3, USN

Keiler, Ronald D., IC2 (SS), USN

Kiesecker, George J., MM2(SS), USN

Klier, Billy M., EN1(SS), USN

Kroner, George R., CS3, USN

Lanouette, Norman G., QM1(SS), USN

Lavoie, Wayne W., YN1(SS), USN

Lyman, John S., Jr., LCDR, USN

Mabry, Templeman N., Jr., EN2(SS), USN

Malinski, Frank J., LTJG, USN

Mann, Richard H., Jr., IC2(SS), USN

Marullo, Julius F., Jr., QM1(SS), USN

McClelland, Douglas R., EM2(SS), USN

McCord, Donald J., MM1(SS), USN

McDonough, Karl P., TM3(SS), USN

Middleton, Sidney L., MM1(SS), USN

Muise, Ronald A., CS2, USN

Musselwliite, James A., ETN2(SS), USN

Nault, Donald E., CS1(SS), USN

Noonis, Walter J., RMC(SS), USN

Norris, John D., ET1(SS), USN

Oetting. Chesley C., EM2, USN

Parsons, Guy C., Jr., LTJG, USN

Pennington, Roscoe C., EMCA(SS), USN

Peters, James G., EMCS, USN

Phillippi. James F., SOS2(SS), USN

Philput. Dan A., EN2(SS), USN

Podwell, Richard, MM2, USN

Regan, John S., MM1(SS), USN

Ritchie, James P., RM2, USN

Robison, Pervis, Jr., SN, USN

Rountree, Glenn A., QM2(SS), USN

Rushetski, Anthony A., ETN2, USN

Schiewe, James M., EM1(SS), USN

Shafer, Benjamin N., EMCM(SS), USN

Shafer, John D., EMCS(SS), USN

Shimko, Joseph T., MM1, USN

Shotwell, Burnett M., ETRSN, USN

Sinnett. Alan D., FTG2(SS),USN

Smarz, John, Jr., LT, USN

Smith, William H., Jr., BT1, USN

Snider, James L., MM1, USN

Solomon, Ronald H., EM1, USN

Steinel, Robert E., SO1(SS), USN

Van Pelt, Rodger E., IC1(SS), USN

Walski, Joseph A., RMl(SS), USN

Wasel, David A., RMSN, USN

Wiggins, Charles L., FTG1, USN

Wiley, John J., LTJG, USN

Wise, Donald E., MMCA(SS), USN

Wolfe, Ronald E., QMSN(SS),USN

Zweifel, Jay H., EM2, USN

Personnel Other Than Ship's Company

Abrams, Fred P., Civilian Employee, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard.

Allen, Philip H., LCDR, USN, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard.

Beal, Daniel W., Jr., Civilian Employee, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard.

Biederman, Robert D., LT, USN, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard.

Billings, John H., LCDR, USN, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard.

Charron, Robert E., Civilian Employee, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard.

Corcoran, Kenneth R., Contractor's Representative, Sperry Corp.

Critchley, Kenneth J., Civilian Employee, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard.

Currier, Paul C., Civilian Employee, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard.

Des Jardins, Richard R., Civilian Employee, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard

Dineen, George J., Civilian Employee, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard.

Fisher, Richard K., Civilian Employee, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard.

Guerette, Paul A., Civilian Employee, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard.

Jaquay, Maurice F., Raytheon Corp.

Keuster, Donald W., Sperry Corp.

Krag, Robert L., LCDR, USN, Staff, Deputy Commander, Submarine Force, U.S. Atlantic Fleet.

Moreau, Henry C., Civilian Employee, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard.

Palmer, Franklin J., Civilian Employee, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard.

Prescott, Robert D., Civilian Employee, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard Shipyard.

Stadtmuller, Donald T.,Sperry Corp.

Whitten, Laurence E., Civilian Employee, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard.

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